Two Teaching Aids that can be Applied to Teaching Students

Drinking cups and drinking bottles are two teaching aids that can be applied in teaching Year Two Students.  These teaching aids are easily available and help in making the learning and teaching process easier.

Using Teaching Aids to Teach Mathematics

The teaching aids are needed to help teach Mathematics effectively.
The best teaching aids are manipulatives. They are useful in
introducing concepts and solidifying concepts. They allow the pupils
to reason and solve problems, generating creative thinking. Therefore,
the two teaching aids chosen for teaching measuring volume of water
are plastic cups and plastic bottles. In this way, the pupils can understand
and master the math concepts.

Objectives of the Teaching Aids
1. They help the learners improve their manipulative skills.
2. They aid to illustrate or reinforce the skill, the fact and idea.
3. Mathematics lessons are not that stressful as the teaching aids can help
relieve anxiety, fears or boredom as the teaching aids are a joy to work with.

Guidelines in Using Teaching Aids
1. Ensure that the teaching aids are suitable for the lesson.
The teaching aids enable the pupils to be student-centred.
2. The Mathematics teacher has experimented and practised
with the teaching aids she will know the problems the pupils
will face when using them. Hence, to prevent problems from
arising, steps have been taken to determine that they
are things related to our daily life.
3. Make sure the teaching aids are possible to be created.
4. Ensure that the teaching aids are revised so that all levels
of students can use them.
5. The teaching aids are economical. If possible, no unnecessary
 money should be spent. They should be things which are recycled
 items like plastic cups and plastic bottles.

A Pupil In the Process of Measuring

A pupil in the process of measuring the number of cups to fill the different sizes of drinking bottles.  Then, she is to fill in worksheet A.

Lesson Plan for High Achievers

Lesson Plan for High Achievers

Class : Year 2
Enrolment : 20
Time : 30 minutes (10.00 – 10.30)
Date/Day : 24.02.2010 (Wednesday)
Topic : Volume of Liquid

Curriculum Specifications:
6.1 Introduction to Volume of Liquid
6.2 Measuring and Comparing Volumes of Liquids

Vocabulary: empty, half full, full, volume, liquid,
measure, more, much, capacity, level, holds more than,
holds less than, holds about the same as, holds a lot more than,
holds just a little more than and not quite as much as.

Behavioural Objectives/Learning Outcome :
At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
1. Understand and use the vocabulary related to
volume of liquid
2. Measure and compare volumes of liquid by direct comparison
and by using uniform non-standard units.

Previous Knowledge: Has studied about the concept of more or
much more than and less than in Year 1

Teaching Aids/Materials: Three plastic cups, three drinking
bottles of different sizes

Three Plastic Cups of Different Sizes

Three Drinking Bottles of Different Sizes

Moral Value(s): Attentiveness

Educational Emphases/Thinking Skills: Analysing, evaluating

Set Induction/5 minutes
Three plastic bottles: one with no water, another which is half
full and the last one which is full are displayed. Pupils are told to
identify which plastic bottle holds more water and which holds less
water. Then, they are to arrange the bottles from the least water
to the most water.



Development(First Teaching Activity)/10 minutes
1. A few students are told to fill the plastic bottle with water using
a plastic cup. Firstly, the plastic bottle is empty. Then, the plastic
bottle is to be filled so that it is half empty. Lastly, the plastic bottle is
filled with water so it is full.
2. Each time the number of cups is noted.


Development(Second Teaching Activity)/10 minutes
1. The students sit in groups of four. Each group is given a plastic
cup, three plastic drinking bottles of different sizes and a bucket of
water.

2.  Then, the teacher instructs the pupils to complete worksheet A. To do

so, they need to fill the plastic drinking bottles with water, determine

the number of cups needed to fill the different drinking bottles and

decide which holds more or less.

A Pupil in the Process of Measuring

3.  The winners and the losers are determined based on the speed of
 completion and the accuracy of the work.  The winners are given

prizes while the losers are punished to put all the teaching aids away.

Closure/5 minutes

The teacher asks the pupils to guess how many bottles of water can

be used to fill the pail. All the pupils are asked to guess. The pupil

who can guess correctly is given a present.

Reflection: _________________________________________

Worksheet A for High Achievers

Worksheet A for High Achievers

Bottles	Capacities	Results
A	______ cups	Holds (less/more)
B	______ cups	Holds (less/more)
C	______ cups	Holds (less/more)

Lesson Plan for Low Achievers

The Lesson Plan for Low Achievers

Class:  Year 2

Enrolment :  20

Time :  30 minutes (10.30 – 11.00)        

Date/Day :  24.02.2010 (Wednesday)

Topic :  Volume of Liquid

Curriculum Specifications:

6.1  Introduction to Volume of Liquid

6.2  Measuring and Comparing Volumes of Liquids

Vocabulary:  empty, half full, full, volume, liquid, measure,

more, much, capacity

Behavioural Objectives/Learning Outcome   : 

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1.       Understand and use the vocabulary related to volume of liquid

2.       Measure and compare volumes of liquid by direct comparison

    and by using uniform non-standard units.

Previous Knowledge:  Has studied about the concept of more or

much more than and less than in Year 1

Teaching Aids/Materials:  Three plastic cups of similar sizes, three drinking bottles of similar sizes, a bucket

Moral Value(s):  Attentiveness

Educational Emphases/Thinking Skills:  Analysing, evaluating

Set Induction/5 minutes

1. Three plastic cups: one with no water, another

which is half full and the last one which is full are displayed.   Pupils

are told to identify which plastic cup has more water and less water.  Then,

they are to arrange the cups from the least to the most.

Development(First teaching activity)/10 minutes

1.  Students are told that the plastic cup with no water is empty.  Then,

the plastic cup with a bit more water is half empty while the plastic cup

which is filled with water is full. 

2.  Then, a few students are asked to come to the front of the class to fill

the soft drink bottles with water.  They are to arrange the bottles in the

order of empty to full. 

Empty Bottle

Half Full Bottle

Full Bottle

Development (Second Teaching Activity)/10 minutes

1.  The students sit in groups of four.  Each group is given three plastic cups,

three plastic soft drink bottles and a bucket of water. 

2.  Then, they listen to the teacher’s instruction as to fill the bottles with

water or to fill the cups with water and arrange them from the left to the right. 

3.  The teacher’s instruction: ‘Firstly, fill the plastic cup with no water. 

Let it be empty.  Secondly, fill the soft drink bottle with water.  Let it be full. 

Now, fill the soft drink bottle with water.  Let it be half full.

4. The winners and the losers are determined.  The winners are given prizes

while the losers are punished to put all the teaching aids away

Closure/5 minute

1. The teacher asks the pupils which  plastic cup holds more water and which

holds less water. 

2.   The possible answers given by the pupils are:  The empty cup holds less

water than the cup that is half full and that is full.

Reflection:  ___________________________________________________

A VIDEO CLIP FROM THE INTERNET ON HOW VOLUME OF LIQUID IS MEASURED